信用证软条款软条款

下面提供一些常见的软条款（The Soft Clause）:

a.开证申请人（买方）通知船公司、船名、装船日期、目的港、验货人等，受益人才能装船。此条款使卖方装船完全由买方控制。

b.信用证开出后暂不生效，待进口许可证签发后通知生效，或待货样经申请人确认后生效。此类条款使出口货物能否装运，完全取决于进口商，出口商则处于被动地位。出口商见信用证才能投产，生产难安排，装期紧，出运有困难。

c.1/3正本提单迳（直）寄开证申请人。买方可能持此单先行将货提走。

d.记名提单，承运人可凭收货人合法身份证明交货，不必提交本提单。

e.信用证到期地点在开证行所在国，有效期在开证行所在国，使卖方延误寄单，单据寄到开证行时已过议付有效期。

f.信用证限制运输船只、船龄或航线等条款。

g.含空运提单的条款，提货人签字就可提货，不需交单，货权难以控制。有的信用证规定提单发货人为开证申请人或客户，可能被不法商人利用此特殊条款进行无单提货。

h.品质检验证书须由开证申请人或其授权者签发，由开证行核实，并与开证行印签相符。采用买方国商品检验标准，此条款使得卖方由于采用本国标准，而无法达到买方国标准，使信用证失效。

i.收货收据须由开证申请人签发或核实。此条款使买方托延验货，使信用证失效。

j.自相矛盾，即规定允许提交联运提单，又规定禁止转船。

k.规定受益人不易提交的单据，如要求使用CMR运输单据(我国没有参加《国际公路货物运输合同公约》，所以我国的承运人无法开出u201cCMRu201d运输单据。

l.一票货物，信用证要求就每个包装单位分别缮制提单。

m.设置质量检验证书障碍，伪造质检证书。

n.本证经当局（进口国当局）审批才生效，未生效前，不许装运。

o.易腐货物要求受益人先寄一份提单，持此单可先行提货。

p.货款须于货物运抵目的地经外汇管理局核准后付款。

q.卖方议付时需提交买方在目的港的收货证明。

r.产地证书签发日晚于提单日期，这会被怀疑未经检验，先装船，装船后再检验。

s.延期付款信用证下受益人交单在先，银行付款在后，风险大，应加具保兑。

t.不接受联合发票，进口国家拒绝接受联合单据。

u.信用证规定指定货代出具联运提单，当一程海运后，二程境外改空运，容易被收货人不凭正本联运提单提货。

v.信用证规定受益人在货物装运后如不及时寄1/3提单，开证申请人将不寄客检证，使受益人难以议付单据。

举例如下：

1.The certificates of inspection would be issued and signed by authorized the applicant of L/C before shipment of cargo, which the signature will be inspected by issuing bank.

2.The goods will be shipped upon the appointing vessel by the applicant of L/C and adding a cable/telex amendment of L/C by issuing bank to advising bank, which an amendment should be negotiated accompanied with the original documents.

3.The goods will be shipped upon receipt of shipping advice issued by opener of L/C appointing the name of vessel, which will be issued by way of an amendment to this credit by the issuing bank.

4.Commercial invoice in triplicate, all duly signed and counter-signed by MR. ** and MR. *** of L/C applicant whose signatures must be in conformity with the specimen signatures held in *** bank.

5.Quality confirmation issued and signed by authorized person of applicant (whose signature must be conform with that held in your file), certifying that goods are in good condition, and stating date, value, quantity of goods and dated not later than Sept, 10, 1998.